Quantum simulations of condensed matter systems using. One reason is that such systems are often difficult to control, show an intermingling of several effects, or are not easily accessible to measurement. The muri program quantum simulations of condensed matter systems using ultra cold atomic gases has had tremendous impact on the field of quantum simulations. Ultracold quantum gases in triangular optical lattices.
Quantum simulation, a subdiscipline of quantum computation, can provide valuable insight into difficult quantum problems in physics or chemistry. Metastability and coherence of repulsive polarons in a strongly interacting fermi mixture, c. Magnetic lattices for ultracold atoms and degenerate. His research activity develops in the field of degenerate quantum gases for quantum simulation applications. Large scale quantum simulations using ultracold atomic gases. Ultracold molecules promising for quantum computing. Pdf quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases. Since the interactions between the particles of ultracold quantum gases can be varied continuously, new correlations can be introduced, such as spinorbit coupling 2 a way to link the internal quantum state of the atom its spin to its external motion its orbit. Though very little of the growing body of quantum simulation work has addressed ultrafast phenomena, a robust toolkit exists for controlling and measuring excitations in trapped gases.
Since quantum simulators do not suffer from the notorious sign problem, they open the door to studies of the realtime evolution of. The key prospect of a quantum simulator is to access ne. At these temperatures the atoms quantummechanical properties become important to reach such low temperatures, a combination of several techniques typically has to be used. Physicists at jila have created a crystallike arrangement of ultracold gas molecules that can swap quantum spin properties with nearby and distant partners. In brief, boseeinstein condensates bec and degenerate fermi gases of lasercooled alkali atoms are subjected to specially designed optical and magnetic. The bulk of this dissertation concerns the construction and calibration of an optical superlattice. Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical. Quantum simulations using ultracold atoms request pdf. In condensed matter physics, abelian u1 lattice gauge theories arise in the description of certain quantum spin liquids. Physicists create crystal of spinswapping ultracold molecules sep 18, 20 physicists find charge separation in. The chosen examples, some of which have already been realized in experiment, include such diverse settings as frustrated antiferromagnetism, quantum phase transitions in exotic lattice geometries, topological insulators, nonabelian gaugefields, orbital order of ultracold fermions, and systems with longrange interactions. Mar 12, 2014 a team of university of innsbruck researchers discovered that even simple systems, such as neutral atoms, can possess chaotic behavior, which can be revealed using the tools of quantum mechanics. Ultracold quantum gases laboratory for quantum simulation and.
Strongly correlated fermi gases participation for activity ultracold atoms smr number. This will allow quantum simulations of phenomena related to the physics of. Quantum simulation, a subdiscipline of quantum computation, can provide. The bulk of this dissertation concerns the construction and calibration of an optical. This optical lattice material may be used for controlled quantum simulations of condensed matter theories. Large scale quantum simulations using ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices mo. Under these circumstances, a system of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice see fig.
This thesis explores feynmans idea of quantum simulations by using ultracold quantum gases. Feynman showed that a classical turing machine would experience an exponential slowdown when simulating quantum phenomena, while his hypothetical universal quantum simulator would not. Our general scientific goal is to create novel states of quantum matter and to investigate their intriguing and sometimes very bizarre properties. Abelian gauge theories are of central importance in many areas of physics. Quantum link models extend the concept of lattice gauge theories beyond the wilson formulation, and are well suited for both digital and analog quantum simulation using ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices. Manybody quantum physics with ultracold gases theory. Quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases nature. Premio tesi di dottorato issn 26128039 print issn 26128020 online. Physicists create crystal of spinswapping ultracold molecules sep 18, 20 physicists find charge separation in a molecule consisting of two identical atoms. As a phenomenon of nature how does matter behave at very low temperatures. Ultracold atoms have a variety of applications owing to their unique quantum properties and the great experimental control available in such systems. Quantum gases and ultracold atoms quantum technology. Ultracold quantum gases have opened up new vistas in manybody physics, from novel quantum states of matter to quantum computing applications.
Quantum dot systems have shown to be widely tunable quantum systems, that can be efficiently controlled electrically. Researchers have created a new type of ultracold molecule, using lasers to cool atoms nearly to absolute zero and then gluing them together, a technology that might be applied to quantum computing, precise sensors and advanced simulations. The project involves understanding the quantum physics of flat bands, and how ultracold quantum gas setups work. Quantum simulation with ultracold quantum gases, trapped. Quantum simulators permit the study of quantum systems that are difficult to study in the laboratory and impossible to model with a supercomputer. Novel quantum states of matter have been successfully achieved for the first time by using ultracold ytterbium atoms in optical lattices. Quantum simulation with ultracold atomic gases in an optical lattice.
By following the dynamics of a quantum system of strongly correlated ultracold atoms in an optical lattice, a team of physicists has demonstrated the superiority of a dynamical quantum simulator over stateoftheart numerical calculations. Large scale quantum simulations using ultracold atomic. Quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases nature physics. Ultracold quantum gases laboratory for quantum simulation. Quantum simulation using ultracold ytterbium atoms in an. Workshop on quantum simulations with ultracold atoms. In particle physics, quantum chromodynamics qcd, the nonabelian su3 gauge theory of the strong interactions between quarks and gluons. In recent years, technologies have been developed to cool atoms and molecules to the lowest temperatures. Ultracold quantum matter ultracold atoms and quantum gases.
A universal quantum simulator is a quantum computer proposed by yuri manin in 1980 and richard feynman in 1982. Highlights include the pioneering of quantum gas microscopy, the realization of. The photodissociation of 88sr2 molecules is examined at ultracold temperatures with a high degree of control, and a wealth of quantum effects such. Many outstanding problems in quantum physics, such as hightc superconductivity or quark confinement, are still after decades of research awaiting commonly accepted explanations. Experiments with ultracold quantum gases provide a platform for creating manybody systems that can be well controlled and whose parameters can be tuned over a wide range. Apr 12, 2014 ultracold fermi gases ii we explore unconventional ways how ultracold fermions pair and form collective quantum phases exhibiting longrange order, such as superfluidity and magnetically order. Quantum degeneracy in a gas of atoms 1 atom per quantum state number of atoms available position space available momentum space h3 n m k b t32 h3 1 dilute metastable gases n 1014cm3 t c 1mk ultracold air n 1019cm3, t c 1mk stuff n 1022cm3, t c 0. Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical lattices christian gross1 and immanuel bloch1,2 quantum simulation, a subdiscipline of quantum computation, can provide valuable insight into difficult quantum problems in physics or chemistry. The high degree of controllability, the novel detection possibilities and the extreme. For instance, ultracold atoms have been proposed as a platform for quantum computation and quantum simulation, 5 accompanied by very active experimental research to achieve these goals. H34 a quantum simulator for carrying out complex physics calculations. Ultracold atoms provide such a window of opportunity designer models achieved through tuning interaction strength, dynamic control, and new experimental probes emulation of simple models relies on a separation of length or energy scales. Robertorighini new quantum simulations with ultracold ytterbium gases. Ultracold quantum mixtures statics and dynamics of impurities in fermi gases future directions.
Well still restrict attention to gases meaning a bunch of particles moving around and barely interacting but one of the. These gases constitute a model system of interacting fermions, whose physical behaviour is very rich2 4. Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Quantum optics with quantum gases university of oxford. New quantum simulations with ultracold ytterbium gases.
In particle physics, quantum chromodynamics qcd, the non. There are over 100 experiments on ultracold quantum gases around the world on every continent except antarctica. This generic scenario can be studied in new detail by utilizing ultracold quantum gases, which offer a versatile and unique test bench. Internationaldoctorateinatomic andmolecularphotonics cicloxxx coordinatore prof.
Ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices can in fact be considered as quantum simulators, as richard. Review quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical. In particular, their controllability, isolation from noisy thermal environments, and evolution on experimentallyaccessible timescales make them a natural choice to probe the effects of driving on time evolution and energy. First, atoms are usually trapped and precooled via.
Recent developments in quantum montecarlo simulations. Quantum simulation of ultrafast dynamics using trapped. In quantum information theory, kitaevs toric code is a z2 lattice gauge theory. Sep 18, 20 physicists at jila have created a crystallike arrangement of ultracold gas molecules that can swap quantum spin properties with nearby and distant partners. In recent years, the unprecedented experimental control of the laws of quantum mechanics has led to the socalled quantum technology revolution, a terminology adopted to refer to the applications in which quantum properties play a prominent role. Quantum optics with quantum gases will close the gap between standard quantum optics and quantum atom optics. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices represent an ideal platform for simulations of quantum manybody problems.
Today, his dream has become a reality in laboratories around the world. Ultracold quantum gases offer a versatile platform to study a wide range of open questions in condensed matter physics and beyond. Leblanc full cv, pdf assistant professor canada research chair in ultracold gases for quantum simulation fellow, canada institute for advanced research quantum materials program lindsay. In our experiments, we use ultracold atom clouds to understand how complex quantum systems behave. We study gases of cold and ultracold atoms, their physics and features for the sake of quantum technology. The goal is to find, by detailed simulations, how particle transport through a quasi1d ultracold optical lattice takes place and predict experimentally observable signatures of the flat band characteristics.
Over the past years, ultracold quantum gases have offered remarkable opportunities to. Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical lattices science. Within this setting, quantum gas microscopes enable single atom observation and manipulation in large samples. These properties put these systems in an ideal position for simulating problems that are out of reach for classical computers. The photodissociation of 88sr2 molecules is examined at ultracold temperatures with a high degree of control, and a wealth of quantum effects such as barrier tunnelling, matterwave interference. The polaron was recently observed in a boseeinstein condensate for the first time, opening up for multiple intriguing research pathways. Ultracold atomic gases trapped at the interference of coherent beams of light constitute an artificial material. The quantum evolution of an initial nonequilibrium state can be tracked using a quantum gas microscope. Applications include quantum simulations of condensed matter phenomena 6, trapping of atom arrays in high precision atomic clocks 7 and quantum gas microscopes 8, and the realisation of quantum gates for quantum informa. Pdf ultracold quantum gases offer a unique setting for quantum simulation of interacting manybody systems. Ultracold fermi gases ii we explore unconventional ways how ultracold fermions pair and form collective quantum phases exhibiting longrange order, such as superfluidity and magnetically order.
Researchers have created a new type of ultracold molecule, using lasers. A team of university of innsbruck researchers discovered that even simple systems, such as neutral atoms, can possess chaotic behavior, which can be revealed using the tools of quantum mechanics. So, the quantum optics with quantum gases can be considered as an ultimate quantum limit of. May 07, 20 quantum link models extend the concept of lattice gauge theories beyond the wilson formulation, and are well suited for both digital and analog quantum simulation using ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices. The phenomenon of feshbach resonance provides a means to tune the strength of interactions between atoms over several orders of. Quantum simulations with atoms and light joint cqomitamp. Also the fundamental physics has benefited from these advancements with the development of quantum simulators, controlled. Detection of correlations in optical lattices we proposed a setup for detecting quantum correlations. Ultracold fermi gases we first consider quantum simulation of ultracold fermi gases with attractive interactions. Quantum gases in this section we will discuss situations where quantum e. Welcome to the fascinating world of quantum matter near absolute zero.
Quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases inspire. In contrast to the traditional works, it will address the phenomena, where the quantum nature of light and ultracold gases is equally important. In particular, we are interested in questions related to how strong interactions, reduced. Recent developments in quantum montecarlo simulations with applications for cold gases lode pollet department of physics, arnold sommerfeld center for theoretical physics and center for nanoscience, university of munich, theresienstrasse 37, 80333 munich, germany email. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices represent an ideal platform for simulations of quantum many. Specifically, we plan to realize and study pairing with orbital angular momentum and pairing induced by longrange interaction. Dynamical properties of ultracold bose atomic gases in onedimensional optical lattices. Quantum simulation of triangular, honeycomb and kagome. In this instance, simulators are special purpose devices designed to provide insight about specific physics problems. Quantum simulators may be contrasted with generally programmable digital quantum computers. Lindsay j leblanc ultracold quantum gases laboratory. We are an experimental research group working with atomic and molecular gases cooled down to temperatures in the nanokelvin range.
Our research group at the physikalisches institut of heidelberg university performs fundamental research in the fields of quantum and atomic physics. Quantum link models extend the concept of lattice gauge theories beyond the wilson formulation, and are well suited for both. Ultracold molecules promising for quantum computing, simulation date. Ultracold molecules promising for quantum computing, simulation. Recent developments in quantum montecarlo simulations with. These socalled optical lattices act as versatile potential landscapes to trap ultracold quantum gases of bosons and fermions. It has lead to a number of major experimental and theoretical breakthroughs in many research groups. Request pdf quantum simulations using ultracold atoms form only given.
Quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases immanuel bloch 1,2, jean dalibard 3 and sylvain nascimbene 1,3 ultracold quantum gases offer a unique setting for quantum simulation of. As a quantum physics laboratory due to good experimental control quantum information, bells inequalities, quantum computation. In the first part of the thesis we develop a general method applicable to atoms or molecules or even nanoparticles, to decelerate a hot fast gas beam to zero velocity by using an optical cavity. Photodissociation of ultracold diatomic strontium molecules. Since quantum simulators do not suffer from the notorious sign problem, they open the door to studies of the real.